Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), aqueous tear deficiency, reflexive tearing, allergies to ophthalmic medications, and conjunctivochalasis can all cause a feeling of rawness, because the eye or conjunctival tissue can be inflamed.
Using sterile saline solution to lubricate eyes as a substitute for lubricating eye drops can cause a feeling of rawness, because the saline does not contain lubricating compounds.
Using sterile saline frequently, or in large quantities, to irrigate eyes can cause a feeling of rawness, because the saline washes away the meibum and proteins in the tear film.
Warm compresses applied too long or too frequently can cause of a feeling of rawness, because the nerve endings in the eyes can become irritated.